{"id":5443,"date":"2020-08-01T12:51:00","date_gmt":"2020-08-01T12:51:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bezpecnenanete.eset.com\/sk\/?p=5443"},"modified":"2023-11-16T11:22:57","modified_gmt":"2023-11-16T11:22:57","slug":"co-je-to-cloud-a-ako-funguje","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bezpecnenanete.eset.com\/sk\/it-bezpecnost\/co-je-to-cloud-a-ako-funguje\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010co je to cloud a ako funguje?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"Cloud<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Od diskiet cez c\u00e9de\u010dk\u00e1 a\u017e po virtu\u00e1lne d\u00e1ta ulo\u017een\u00e9 v d\u00e1tov\u00fdch centr\u00e1ch po celom svete. Cloud<\/a><\/strong> umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom pristupova\u0165 k s\u00faborom a aplik\u00e1ci\u00e1m, uklada\u0165 fotografie alebo \u010d\u00edta\u0165 e-maily hocikedy a takmer z ak\u00e9hoko\u013evek zariadenia, ktor\u00e9 m\u00e1 pr\u00edstup k internetu.<\/strong> \u010co je to cloud a ako vlastne funguje?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"ESET<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

ESET HOME Security Essential<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Komplexn\u00e1 digit\u00e1lna ochrana. Bezstarostn\u00e9 platby <\/strong>a zabezpe\u010denie s\u00fakromia v\u010faka funkci\u00e1m, ako je anti-phishingov\u00e1 ochrana a ochrana Wi-Fi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Presk\u00fama\u0165 funkcie<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

ESET HOME Security Premium<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zv\u00fd\u0161te svoju ochranu pomocou n\u00e1stroja Password Manager, \u0161ifrovania citliv\u00fdch s\u00faborov a \u0161pi\u010dkovej detekcie hrozieb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Presk\u00fama\u0165 funkcie<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

ESET HOME Security Ultimate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00edskajte najlep\u0161\u00ed dostupn\u00fd pl\u00e1n zabezpe\u010denia doplnen\u00fd o VPN a funkciu \u010cistenia metad\u00e1t a bu\u010fte bez ob\u00e1v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u00a0Presk\u00fama\u0165 funkcie<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\u010co je to cloud?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Cloud m\u00f4\u017eeme prirovna\u0165 k virtu\u00e1lnemu priestoru, prostredn\u00edctvom ktor\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edvatelia vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa, zdie\u013eaj\u00fa a nar\u00e1baj\u00fa s obrovsk\u00fdm mno\u017estvom inform\u00e1ci\u00ed r\u00f4zneho typu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ide o on-demand v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00e9 zdroje<\/strong>, ku ktor\u00fdm pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e alebo firma m\u00e1 pr\u00edstup cez internet. D\u00e1ta sa ukladaj\u00fa na cloudov\u00e9 servery, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa umiestnen\u00e9 po celom svete v d\u00e1tov\u00fdch centr\u00e1ch na fyzick\u00fdch serveroch a s\u00fa riaden\u00e9 ich poskytovate\u013eom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Za poplatok m\u00f4\u017ee z\u00e1kazn\u00edk na nich necha\u0165 be\u017ea\u0165 svoj softv\u00e9r, vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ich v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00fd v\u00fdkon \u010di ich \u00falo\u017eisko na ukladanie vlastn\u00fdch d\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Cloud s\u00fa po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, o ktor\u00e9 sa star\u00e1 niekto in\u00fd. Rozhovor s Petrom Ko\u0161in\u00e1rom. \u010c\u00edta\u0165 viac<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Samotn\u00fd pojem \u201ecloud\u201c je sk\u00f4r odkazom na to, \u017ee pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e alebo firma nemus\u00ed ma\u0165 zak\u00fapen\u00fd vlastn\u00fd hardv\u00e9r, ale m\u00f4\u017ee si ho prenaja\u0165. T\u00fdm odpadaj\u00fa n\u00e1klady, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa spojen\u00e9 s n\u00e1kupom, \u00fadr\u017ebou \u010di spr\u00e1vou zariaden\u00ed. Av\u0161ak ak\u00e9ko\u013evek zv\u00fd\u0161enie v\u00fdkonu \u010di zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161enie ve\u013ekosti \u00falo\u017e\u00edsk stoj\u00ed peniaze navy\u0161e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O ak\u00fdch typoch d\u00e1t hovor\u00edme pri cloude? V podstate o v\u0161etkom, \u010do vieme ulo\u017ei\u0165, od softv\u00e9rov a r\u00f4znych dokumentov a\u017e po klasick\u00e9 obr\u00e1zky \u010di vide\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Dajte si pozor na falo\u0161n\u00e9 zbierky zneu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00face konflikt na Ukrajine Pre\u010d\u00edta\u0165 \u010dl\u00e1nok<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Cloud vs. could computing \u2013 ak\u00fd je medzi nimi rozdiel?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pojem cloud \u013eudia naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa ako ozna\u010denie online \u00falo\u017eiska d\u00e1t, napr\u00edklad iCloud alebo OneDrive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cloud computing<\/strong> umo\u017e\u0148uje firm\u00e1m vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 cudzie a zdie\u013ean\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00e9 zdroje, ako s\u00fa d\u00e1tov\u00e9 \u00falo\u017eisk\u00e1, virtu\u00e1lne servery \u010di aplik\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 sl\u00fa\u017eia na vybran\u00fd \u00fa\u010del. Pr\u00edkladom m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 Microsoft a jeho slu\u017eba Office 365 \u2013 teda bal\u00edk programov, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom uklada\u0165 d\u00e1ta a pracova\u0165 s nimi online, dokonca aj viacer\u00fdm naraz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rozsah dostupn\u00fdch slu\u017eieb cloud computingu je obrovsk\u00fd, ale v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina spad\u00e1 pod tri \u0161tandardn\u00e9 modely, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa definovan\u00e9 aj americk\u00fdm in\u0161tit\u00fatom National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST<\/a>), IaaS, PaaS, SaaS<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Vyber\u00e1me pre v\u00e1s:<\/h3>\n\n\n
<\/a><\/div>
Cloud s\u00fa po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, o ktor\u00e9 sa star\u00e1 niekto in\u00fd<\/a><\/div><\/div>
<\/a><\/div>
S\u00fa cloud a cloudov\u00e9 \u00falo\u017eisko dostato\u010dne bezpe\u010dn\u00e9?<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n
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IaaS (Infrastructure-as-a-Service)<\/strong> \u2013 ide o poskytovanie infra\u0161trukt\u00fary a v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu prostredn\u00edctvom internetu, \u0161k\u00e1lovate\u013en\u00fdch pod\u013ea potrieb z\u00e1kazn\u00edka. V preklade ide najm\u00e4 o fyzick\u00fd hardv\u00e9r, ktor\u00fd by si firma musela inak k\u00fapi\u0165 a spravova\u0165, ako napr\u00edklad servery, sie\u0165ov\u00fd hardv\u00e9r, \u00falo\u017eisk\u00e1 a r\u00f4zne \u00farovne ich virtualiz\u00e1cie. Poskytovate\u013e IaaS sa okrem \u00fadr\u017eby hardv\u00e9ru star\u00e1 aj o zabezpe\u010denie \u010di z\u00e1lohu infra\u0161trukt\u00fary, aby z\u00e1kazn\u00edcke virtu\u00e1lne zariadenia (VM) v pr\u00edpade probl\u00e9mov dok\u00e1zal obnovi\u0165 \u010di nahradi\u0165. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slu\u017eba IaaS tak z\u00e1kazn\u00edkom umo\u017e\u0148uje vytvori\u0165 si \u013eahko \u0161k\u00e1lovate\u013en\u00fd priestor, v ktorom m\u00f4\u017eu budova\u0165 svoje vlastn\u00e9 slu\u017eby bez nutnosti nakupova\u0165 vlastn\u00e9 zariadenia. Pr\u00edkladom s\u00fa Amazon Web Services.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Pou\u017e\u00edvate cloudov\u00e9 \u00falo\u017eisko, ale m\u00e1te pochybnosti, \u010di je dostato\u010dne bezpe\u010dn\u00e9? Pre\u010d\u00edta\u0165 \u010dl\u00e1nok<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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PaaS (Platform-as-a-Service) <\/strong>poskytuje z\u00e1kazn\u00edkovi platformu, na ktorej m\u00f4\u017ee vytvori\u0165 vlastn\u00fa aplik\u00e1ciu za pomoci infra\u0161trukt\u00fary, \u00falo\u017eiska, slu\u017eieb a n\u00e1strojov, ktor\u00e9 pon\u00faka poskytovate\u013e slu\u017eby. Z\u00e1kazn\u00edk tak m\u00f4\u017ee vyv\u00edja\u0165 vlastn\u00e9 aplik\u00e1cie bez toho, aby na to musel budova\u0165 \u0161pecializovan\u00e9 prostredie, nakupova\u0165 vlastn\u00fd hardv\u00e9r \u010di softv\u00e9rov\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje. Ako pr\u00edklad m\u00f4\u017eeme uvies\u0165 Microsoft Azure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SaaS<\/strong> <\/em>(Software-as-a-Service) <\/strong>umo\u017e\u0148uje z\u00e1kazn\u00edkom pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 aplik\u00e1cie\/softv\u00e9r poskytovate\u013ea, ktor\u00e9 be\u017eia na cloudovej infra\u0161trukt\u00fare. M\u00f4\u017eeme to prirovna\u0165 k pren\u00e1jmu bytu. Dostanete kompletne zariaden\u00fd byt, ktor\u00fd v\u00e1m nepatr\u00ed, no vy ho naplno vyu\u017e\u00edvate, ako by bol v\u00e1\u0161 vlastn\u00fd. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tieto slu\u017eby s\u00fa dostupn\u00e9 bu\u010f prostredn\u00edctvom internetov\u00e9ho prehliada\u010da (napr\u00edklad webmail dostupn\u00fd cez prehliada\u010d), alebo prostredn\u00edctvom tzv. tenk\u00e9ho klienta. Ten m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 podobu jednoduch\u00e9ho programu, cez ktor\u00fd sa z\u00e1kazn\u00edk dostane do danej slu\u017eby alebo mal\u00e9ho po\u010d\u00edta\u010da, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje len pripojenie na internet a prihl\u00e1senie do cloudovej slu\u017eby<\/a><\/strong>. Do kateg\u00f3rie SaaS patr\u00ed napr\u00edklad MS Office 365 \u010di Google Docs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00edskajte najnov\u0161ie inform\u00e1cie o bezpe\u010dnosti na internete. Prihl\u00e1ste sa na odber n\u00e1\u0161ho newslettra.<\/h3>
Ochrane s\u00fakromia<\/a>.<\/label>
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Ak\u00fd je rozdiel medzi s\u00fakromn\u00fdm, verejn\u00fdm a hybridn\u00fdm cloudom?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

S\u00fakromn\u00fd cloud<\/strong> je dostupn\u00fd len pre jedn\u00e9ho z\u00e1kazn\u00edka. Tento typ cloudu <\/a><\/strong>v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou be\u017e\u00ed v datacentre samotnej firmy, ktor\u00e1 si cloud spravuje a mana\u017euje sama, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee zvy\u0161ova\u0165 n\u00e1klady spojen\u00e9 s n\u00e1kupom, \u00fadr\u017ebou \u010di spr\u00e1vou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Verejn\u00fd cloud<\/strong> je verejne dostupn\u00e1 infra\u0161trukt\u00fara, ktor\u00fa si firma zak\u00fapi alebo presnej\u0161ie prenajme. D\u00e1ta s\u00fa ulo\u017een\u00e9 v datacentr\u00e1ch extern\u00e9ho poskytovate\u013ea a m\u00f4\u017eu sa tak nach\u00e1dza\u0165 prakticky kdeko\u013evek po svete.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hybridn\u00fd cloud<\/strong> je logicky mix s\u00fakromn\u00e9ho a verejn\u00e9ho cloudu. \u010cas\u0165 slu\u017eieb be\u017e\u00ed na verejne dostupnej infra\u0161trukt\u00fare a \u010das\u0165 (spravidla t\u00e1, ktor\u00e1 obsahuje citliv\u00e9 d\u00e1ta) be\u017e\u00ed na hardv\u00e9ri, ktor\u00fd patr\u00ed danej firme a je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou jej firemnej siete. K slu\u017eb\u00e1m be\u017eiacim v s\u00fakromnom cloude m\u00f4\u017eu pristupova\u0165 iba zamestnanci danej firmy prostredn\u00edctvom vn\u00fatornej siete alebo VPN pripojenia. Slu\u017eby be\u017eiace vo verejnom cloude s\u00fa s\u00edce chr\u00e1nen\u00e9 ur\u010dit\u00fdmi bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdmi prvkami, no be\u017eia na externej infra\u0161trukt\u00fare a m\u00f4\u017ee do nej ma\u0165 pr\u00edstup napr\u00edklad aj jej poskytovate\u013e \u010di extern\u00fd spr\u00e1vca \u2013 \u010do zvy\u0161uje riziko \u00faniku d\u00e1t v pr\u00edpade, \u017ee d\u00f4jde k incidentu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cloud a jeho v\u00fdhody a nev\u00fdhody<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Vyu\u017e\u00edvanie cloudu zvy\u0161uje produktivitu<\/strong> a umo\u017e\u0148uje r\u00fdchlej\u0161iu v\u00fdmenu inform\u00e1ci\u00ed.<\/strong> Pre firmu to znamen\u00e1 menej intern\u00fdch zamestnancov, ktor\u00ed sa musia stara\u0165 o \u00fadr\u017ebu a spr\u00e1vu infra\u0161trukt\u00fary, podporu, aktualiz\u00e1cie \u010di bezpe\u010dnos\u0165. Zdie\u013eanie zdrojov by malo vies\u0165 k vy\u0161\u0161ej n\u00e1kladovej efektivite, tak\u017ee z\u00e1kazn\u00edka by pren\u00e1jom slu\u017eby\/hardv\u00e9ru od poskytovate\u013ea mal vyjs\u0165 lacnej\u0161ie ako n\u00e1kup a spr\u00e1va vlastn\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nev\u00fdhodou cloudu je samotn\u00fd fakt, \u017ee intern\u00e9 projekty \u010di inform\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa v cloude ulo\u017een\u00e9, s\u00fa ulo\u017een\u00e9 na cudzom hardv\u00e9ri<\/strong>. Ak si z\u00e1kazn\u00edk vyberie nespr\u00e1vneho poskytovate\u013ea, zabezpe\u010denie m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 n\u00edzke, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee znamena\u0165 riziko pre ulo\u017een\u00e9 d\u00e1ta \u010di know-how.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 cloudu je pritom pomerne rozsiahla oblas\u0165, na ktor\u00fa sa m\u00f4\u017eeme pozera\u0165 z viacer\u00fdch rov\u00edn.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Zvy\u0161uj\u00facim sa probl\u00e9mom je riziko \u00faniku d\u00e1t<\/strong>. V pr\u00edpade \u00faspe\u0161n\u00e9ho \u00fatoku \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci m\u00f4\u017eu z\u00edska\u0165 pr\u00edstup k viacer\u00fdm kont\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 be\u017eia na rovnakom hardv\u00e9ri poskytovate\u013ea slu\u017eby.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Obavy narastaj\u00fa aj z poru\u0161ovania s\u00fakromia bezpe\u010dnosti intelektu\u00e1lneho vlastn\u00edctva<\/strong>, ke\u010f\u017ee poskytovate\u013e cloudovej slu\u017eby m\u00e1 d\u00e1ta z\u00e1kazn\u00edka ulo\u017een\u00e9 na svojej infra\u0161trukt\u00fare. V niektor\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch tak ku nim m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 neopr\u00e1vnen\u00fd pr\u00edstup alebo ich m\u00f4\u017ee (ne)\u00famyselne zmaza\u0165 \u010di zablokova\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010eal\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mom m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 hardv\u00e9rov\u00e9 chyby<\/strong>. V\u0161etko m\u00e1 svoju \u017eivotnos\u0165, a preto treba ob\u010das dielce vymeni\u0165. Po\u0161koden\u00fd hardv\u00e9r m\u00f4\u017ee dokonca sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 aj v\u00fdpadky. To m\u00f4\u017ee pre z\u00e1kazn\u00edka, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 v\u0161etky intern\u00e9 syst\u00e9my a d\u00e1ta ulo\u017een\u00e9 na cloude<\/a><\/strong>, znamena\u0165 obrovsk\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00e9 \u010di reputa\u010dn\u00e9 straty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Probl\u00e9mom m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 aj zl\u00e9 nastavenia slu\u017eby \u010di zranite\u013enosti<\/strong> v poskytovanom softv\u00e9ri a slu\u017eb\u00e1ch, o ktor\u00fdch aktualiz\u00e1ciu by sa mal stara\u0165 poskytovate\u013e cloudu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Niektor\u00fdm z t\u00fdchto bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch riz\u00edk sa ned\u00e1 \u00faplne vyhn\u00fa\u0165, no mnoh\u00e9 sa daj\u00fa rie\u0161i\u0165 pomocou \u0161ifrovania d\u00e1t, pravideln\u00fdm z\u00e1lohovan\u00edm aspo\u0148 t\u00fdch najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edch d\u00e1t \u010di vytvoren\u00edm tzv. tie\u0148ovej infra\u0161trukt\u00fary, ktor\u00e1 v pr\u00edpade v\u00fdpadku dok\u00e1\u017ee zast\u00fapi\u0165 funkcie po\u0161koden\u00e9ho hardv\u00e9ru. Tieto slu\u017eby, \u00farove\u0148 zabezpe\u010denia a ich cenu by si z\u00e1kazn\u00edk mal s poskytovate\u013eom cloudov\u00fdch slu\u017eieb dohodn\u00fa\u0165 pri uzatv\u00e1ran\u00ed kontraktu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Autor: T\u00edm Bezpe\u010dne na nete<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Od diskiet cez c\u00e9de\u010dk\u00e1 a\u017e po virtu\u00e1lne d\u00e1ta ulo\u017een\u00e9 v d\u00e1tov\u00fdch centr\u00e1ch po celom svete. \u010co je to cloud a ako vlastne funguje?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":5488,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[125,82],"tags":[97],"class_list":["post-5443","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cloud","category-it-bezpecnost","tag-co-je-to"],"yoast_head":"\n\u010co je cloud a ako funguje? | ESET<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Od diskiet cez c\u00e9de\u010dk\u00e1 a\u017e po virtu\u00e1lne d\u00e1ta ulo\u017een\u00e9 v d\u00e1tov\u00fdch centr\u00e1ch po celom svete. \u010co je cloud a je bezpe\u010dn\u00fd?\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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