{"id":15261,"date":"2024-12-16T08:39:11","date_gmt":"2024-12-16T08:39:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bezpecnenanete.eset.com\/sk\/?p=15261"},"modified":"2024-12-16T08:40:33","modified_gmt":"2024-12-16T08:40:33","slug":"stare-zariadenia-nove-nebezpecenstva-rizika-nepodporovanej-iot-elektroniky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bezpecnenanete.eset.com\/sk\/cybernews\/stare-zariadenia-nove-nebezpecenstva-rizika-nepodporovanej-iot-elektroniky\/","title":{"rendered":"Star\u00e9 zariadenia, nov\u00e9 nebezpe\u010denstv\u00e1: rizik\u00e1 nepodporovanej IoT elektroniky"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Zastaran\u00e9 zariadenia s\u00fa \u010dasto \u013eahk\u00fdm cie\u013eom \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkov, obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 ak obsahuj\u00fa bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 zranite\u013enosti, ktor\u00e9 sa daj\u00fa zneu\u017ei\u0165 a z d\u00f4vodu ukon\u010denej podpory sa u\u017e pre ne nevyd\u00e1vaj\u00fa \u017eiadne z\u00e1platy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kybernetick\u00e9 \u00fatoky na\u00a0zastaran\u00e9 alebo zranite\u013en\u00e9 zariadenia s\u00fa zn\u00e1mym probl\u00e9mom<\/a>, ale pre\u010do by sa niekto v\u00f4bec pok\u00fa\u0161al hackn\u00fa\u0165 zariadenia, ktor\u00fdch v\u00fdroba sa skon\u010dila alebo sa pre\u00a0ne u\u017e neposkytuje softv\u00e9rov\u00e1 podpora? Aby z\u00edskal kontrolu? Aby \u0161pehoval \u013eud\u00ed? Odpove\u010f nie je jednotv\u00e1rna a\u00a0do\u00a0hry vstupuje viacero aspektov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ke\u010f sa \u017eivotnos\u0165 zariadenia ch\u00fdli ku koncu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e9 zariadenie raz dospeje do bodu, ke\u010f ho mo\u017eno vyhl\u00e1si\u0165 za zastaran\u00e9, \u010di u\u017e preto, \u017ee je pr\u00edli\u0161 pomal\u00e9, majite\u013e si k\u00fapi nov\u00e9, alebo mu v porovnan\u00ed s modernej\u0161ou n\u00e1hradou ch\u00fdbaj\u00fa funkcie. V\u00fdrobca sa prirodzene zameria na nov\u00fd model a star\u00e9mu ukon\u010d\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00fd cyklus (tzv. EOL \u2013 End of Life).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00a0tejto f\u00e1ze v\u00fdrobca pre zariadenie zastav\u00ed marketing a\u00a0predaj alebo poskytovanie n\u00e1hradn\u00fdch dielov, slu\u017eieb \u010di\u00a0aktualiz\u00e1ci\u00ed softv\u00e9ru. D\u00f4sledky tohto kroku s\u00fa r\u00f4zne, no z\u00a0n\u00e1\u0161ho poh\u013eadu je kritick\u00e9 pr\u00e1ve to, \u017ee bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 zariadenia u\u017e nie je riadne udr\u017eiavan\u00e1<\/strong>, \u010do\u00a0koncov\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea vystavuje rizik\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ke\u010f sa zariadeniu skon\u010d\u00ed podpora, kybernetick\u00ed zlo\u010dinci maj\u00fa prevahu. Zariadenia, ako s\u00fa kamery, telekonferen\u010dn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, routery a\u00a0inteligentn\u00e9 z\u00e1mky, maj\u00fa opera\u010dn\u00fd syst\u00e9m alebo firmv\u00e9r, ktor\u00fd po\u00a0skon\u010den\u00ed podpory prestane dost\u00e1va\u0165 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 aktualiz\u00e1cie<\/strong>, \u010d\u00edm sa otv\u00e1raj\u00fa dvere pre hackersk\u00e9 \u00fatoky alebo in\u00e9 formy zneu\u017eitia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pod\u013ea odhadov sa na\u00a0svete pou\u017e\u00edva pribli\u017ene 17\u00a0mili\u00e1rd zariaden\u00ed internetu vec\u00ed<\/a> \u2013 od\u00a0kamier na\u00a0vchodov\u00fdch dver\u00e1ch a\u017e po\u00a0inteligentn\u00e9 telev\u00edzory \u2013 a\u00a0tento po\u010det neust\u00e1le rastie. Predpokladajme, \u017ee v\u00a0horizonte piatich rokov sa stane zastaran\u00fdmi len tretina z\u00a0nich. To by znamenalo, \u017ee nie\u010do vy\u0161e 5,6\u00a0miliardy zariaden\u00ed bude vystaven\u00fdch riziku zneu\u017eitia \u2013 nie hne\u010f, ale s\u00a0\u00fapln\u00fdm odstaven\u00edm podpory by sa pravdepodobnos\u0165 zvy\u0161ovala.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zranite\u013en\u00e9 zariadenia ve\u013emi \u010dasto kon\u010dia ako s\u00fa\u010das\u0165 botnetu, \u010do je sie\u0165 napadnut\u00fdch \u201ezombie\u201c zariaden\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 plnia pr\u00edkazy hackera.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pre niekoho odpad, pre in\u00e9ho poklad<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ako pr\u00edklad botnetu vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00faceho zastaran\u00e9 a\u00a0zranite\u013en\u00e9 IoT zariadenia m\u00f4\u017eeme spomen\u00fa\u0165 Mozi<\/a>. Tento botnet bol nesl\u00e1vne zn\u00e1my t\u00fdm, \u017ee sa ka\u017edoro\u010dne zmocnil st\u00e1tis\u00edcov zariaden\u00ed pripojen\u00fdch na\u00a0internet. Po\u00a0prevzat\u00ed kontroly nad zariadeniami ich hackeri pou\u017e\u00edvali na\u00a0r\u00f4zne \u0161kodliv\u00e9 \u010dinnosti vr\u00e1tane kr\u00e1de\u017ee \u00fadajov a\u00a0\u0161\u00edrenia malv\u00e9ru. Botnet bol ve\u013emi odoln\u00fd a\u00a0schopn\u00fd r\u00fdchlo r\u00e1s\u0165, no v\u00a0roku 2023 sa ho napokon podarilo zne\u0161kodni\u0165<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zneu\u017eitie bezpe\u010dnostnej zranite\u013enosti v\u00a0IoT zariaden\u00ed, ako je videokamera, by mohlo da\u0165 \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkovi do\u00a0r\u00fak n\u00e1stroj, ktor\u00fdm mo\u017eno sledova\u0165 v\u00e1s aj\u00a0va\u0161u rodinu. \u00dato\u010dn\u00edci dok\u00e1\u017eu na\u00a0dia\u013eku prevzia\u0165 kontrolu nad zranite\u013en\u00fdmi kamerami <\/strong>pripojen\u00fdmi na\u00a0internet len na\u00a0z\u00e1klade zisten\u00fdch IP\u00a0adries<\/a>, v\u00f4bec tak nepotrebuj\u00fa predch\u00e1dzaj\u00faci pr\u00edstup ku\u00a0kamere ani prihlasovacie \u00fadaje. Zoznam zranite\u013en\u00fdch IoT zariaden\u00ed s\u00a0ukon\u010denou podporou st\u00e1le rastie, pri\u010dom v\u00fdrobcovia nezvykn\u00fa robi\u0165 ni\u010d pre\u00a0to<\/a>, aby tak\u00e9to zranite\u013en\u00e9 zariadenia dodato\u010dne opravili. \u00daplne nere\u00e1lne je to v\u00a0tom pr\u00edpade, ak u\u017e v\u00fdrobca nepodnik\u00e1 alebo neexistuje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ODPOR\u00da\u010cAN\u00dd \u010cL\u00c1NOK<\/strong>
7\u00a0d\u00f4vodov, pre\u010do chc\u00fa kybernetick\u00ed zlo\u010dinci z\u00edska\u0165 va\u0161e osobn\u00e9 \u00fadaje<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pre\u010do by niekto pou\u017e\u00edval zastaran\u00e9 zariadenie, ktor\u00e9 samotn\u00fd v\u00fdrobca vyradil ako nepodporovan\u00e9? <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

D\u00f4vody m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 r\u00f4zne a\u00a0celkom pochopite\u013en\u00e9 \u2013 pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e napr\u00edklad nemus\u00ed ma\u0165 dostato\u010dn\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie alebo jednoducho nie je ochotn\u00fd k\u00fapi\u0165 si aktu\u00e1lny produkt. To v\u0161ak neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee je vhodn\u00e9 tak\u00e9to zariadenia \u010falej pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165, najm\u00e4 ke\u010f prestan\u00fa dost\u00e1va\u0165 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 aktualiz\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A \u010do potom pr\u00edpady vyu\u017e\u00edvania star\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed na nov\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Komplexn\u00e1 ochrana v\u00e1\u0161ho digit\u00e1lneho \u017eivota<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Komplexn\u00e1 ochrana v\u00e1\u0161ho digit\u00e1lneho \u017eivota. Vyberte si \u00farove\u0148 pod\u013ea svojich potrieb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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VYBERTE SI OCHRANU<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Star\u00e9 zariadenie, nov\u00e9 vyu\u017eitie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1plava najr\u00f4znej\u0161\u00edch IoT zariaden\u00ed stoj\u00ed za\u00a0vznikom nov\u00e9ho trendu \u2013 op\u00e4tovn\u00e9ho pou\u017e\u00edvania star\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed na\u00a0nov\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. Pr\u00edkladom je zmena star\u00e9ho iPadu na\u00a0ovl\u00e1da\u010d inteligentnej dom\u00e1cnosti alebo premena star\u00e9ho telef\u00f3nu na\u00a0digit\u00e1lny fotor\u00e1mik \u010di\u00a0syst\u00e9m GPS do\u00a0auta. Mo\u017enost\u00ed je ne\u00farekom<\/a>, no netreba zab\u00fada\u0165 na\u00a0bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 \u2013 tak\u00e1to elektronika je zranite\u013en\u00e1 a\u00a0v\u00f4bec by nemala by\u0165 pripojen\u00e1 k\u00a0internetu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na\u00a0druhej strane, zbavi\u0165 sa star\u00e9ho zariadenia vyhoden\u00edm tie\u017e nie je z\u00a0poh\u013eadu bezpe\u010dnosti najlep\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1pad. Z\u00a0ekologick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska je probl\u00e9m, ke\u010f vyhoden\u00e9 zariadenia kon\u010dia na\u00a0skl\u00e1dkach, kde zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00fa prostredie toxick\u00fdmi materi\u00e1lmi, no\u00a0okrem toho star\u00e9 zariadenia \u010dasto obsahuj\u00fa aj cel\u00e9 bohatstvo v\u00a0podobe d\u00f4vern\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed<\/a>, ktor\u00e9 sa v\u00a0nich nazbierali po\u010das ich akt\u00edvneho pou\u017e\u00edvania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako sme u\u017e spomenuli, nepodporovan\u00e9 zariadenia m\u00f4\u017eu skon\u010di\u0165 aj ako zombie v\u00a0botnete<\/strong> \u2013 sieti kompromitovan\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed ovl\u00e1dan\u00fdch \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkom, ktor\u00fd ich vyu\u017e\u00edva na\u00a0nekal\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. Tak\u00e9to zombie zariadenia sa naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na\u00a0spustenie distribuovan\u00e9ho \u00fatoku odmietnutia slu\u017eby (DDoS), pri\u00a0ktorom d\u00f4jde k\u00a0pre\u0165a\u017eeniu konkr\u00e9tnej siete alebo webovej str\u00e1nky. \u010casto ide o\u00a0formu odvety alebo je cie\u013eom odp\u00fata\u0165 pozornos\u0165 od\u00a0in\u00e9ho \u00fatoku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Botnety m\u00f4\u017eu sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 ve\u013ek\u00e9 \u0161kody a\u00a0mnohokr\u00e1t je na\u00a0ich \u00fapln\u00e9 odstavenie alebo naru\u0161enie \u010dinnosti potrebn\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ca viacer\u00fdch policajn\u00fdch zlo\u017eiek s\u00a0in\u0161tit\u00faciami a\u00a0dod\u00e1vate\u013emi kybernetickej bezpe\u010dnosti, ako to bolo aj v\u00a0pr\u00edpade botnetu Emotet<\/a>. Botnety s\u00fa v\u0161ak ve\u013emi odoln\u00e9 a\u00a0po\u00a0do\u010dasnom preru\u0161en\u00ed \u010dinnosti sa m\u00f4\u017eu znovu objavi\u0165 a\u00a0sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 \u010fal\u0161ie bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 incidenty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ODPOR\u00da\u010cAN\u00dd \u010cL\u00c1NOK<\/strong>
\u201eDobr\u00fd de\u0148, zh\u00e1\u0148ali ste ma?\u201c alebo ako sa m\u00f4\u017eu podvodn\u00edci dosta\u0165 k\u00a0v\u00e1\u0161mu telef\u00f3nnemu \u010d\u00edslu<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Smart dom\u00e1cnos\u0165, inteligentn\u00ed zlo\u010dinci a zombie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

O\u00a0tom, \u017ee smart zariadenia prin\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkom nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti, ako zneu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ni\u010d netu\u0161iacich pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov a\u00a0firmy, by sa toho dalo pop\u00edsa\u0165 e\u0161te ve\u013ea a\u00a0je rozhodne na mieste diskutova\u0165 o\u00a0bezpe\u010dnosti \u00fadajov a\u00a0ochrane s\u00fakromia<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zapam\u00e4ta\u0165 si treba hlavne to, \u017ee svoje zariadenia by ste mali udr\u017eiava\u0165 v\u00a0aktualizovanom stave<\/strong>, a\u00a0ke\u010f to nie je mo\u017en\u00e9, zbavi\u0165 sa ich bezpe\u010dn\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom (t.\u00a0j.\u00a0nezabudn\u00fa\u0165 vymaza\u0165 star\u00fd obsah<\/a>), nahradi\u0165 ich nov\u00fdmi zariadeniami a\u017e po\u00a0bezpe\u010dnej likvid\u00e1cii<\/a> alebo im n\u00e1js\u0165 nov\u00e9 vyu\u017eitie, av\u0161ak ide\u00e1lne bez pripojenia na\u00a0internet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zastaran\u00e9 zariadenia m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 ve\u013emi \u013eahk\u00fdm cie\u013eom \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkov, tak\u017ee ak ich odpoj\u00edte od internetu alebo ich prestanete pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165, pred\u00eddete potenci\u00e1lnym kybernetick\u00fdm \u0161kod\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 by zneu\u017eit\u00edm zariaden\u00ed mohli vznikn\u00fa\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Spracoval: t\u00edm ESET
Zdroj: M\u00e1rk Szab\u00f3 – Old devices, new dangers: The risks of unsupported IoT tech<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Na\u00a0pomyseln\u00fdch cintor\u00ednoch digit\u00e1lnych zariaden\u00ed sa k\u00a0\u017eivotu preb\u00fadza nov\u00e1 hrozba \u2013 nepodporovan\u00e9 zariadenia sa st\u00e1vaj\u00fa mocnou zbra\u0148ou v\u00a0ruk\u00e1ch \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkov.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":15336,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[165,167],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15261","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cybernews","category-digitalne-hrozby"],"yoast_head":"\nToto s\u00fa rizik\u00e1 nepodporovanej IoT elektroniky | ESET<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nepodporovanie IoT elektroniky sa st\u00e1va nov\u00fdm nebezpe\u010denstvom. 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