{"id":14708,"date":"2024-09-02T08:37:00","date_gmt":"2024-09-02T08:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bezpecnenanete.eset.com\/sk\/?p=14708"},"modified":"2024-09-02T08:37:02","modified_gmt":"2024-09-02T08:37:02","slug":"ako-odhalit-ci-vase-hesla-unikli-na-internet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bezpecnenanete.eset.com\/sk\/cybernews\/ako-odhalit-ci-vase-hesla-unikli-na-internet\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako odhali\u0165, \u010di va\u0161e hesl\u00e1 unikli na internet?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\u00fanik<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

V janu\u00e1ri vy\u0161iel \u010dl\u00e1nok, ktor\u00fd podrobne opisuje \u201ematku v\u0161etk\u00fdch naru\u0161en\u00ed\u201c<\/a>, \u00fanik rozsiahleho s\u00faboru \u00fadajov, ktor\u00e9 boli odcudzen\u00e9 po\u010das viacer\u00fdch \u00fatokov na\u00a0r\u00f4zne spolo\u010dnosti a\u00a0online slu\u017eby vr\u00e1tane siet\u00ed LinkedIn a\u00a0Twitter (teraz\u00a0X). \u00dalo\u017eisko \u00fadajov \u00fadajne obsahovalo ohromuj\u00facich 26\u00a0mili\u00e1rd z\u00e1znamov, ktor\u00e9 boli pln\u00e9 r\u00f4znych citliv\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed vr\u00e1tane vl\u00e1dnych \u00fadajov a\u00a0prihlasovac\u00edch \u00fadajov \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hoci nejde o prv\u00fd pr\u00edpad, ke\u010f do\u0161lo k zneu\u017eitiu obrovsk\u00e9ho mno\u017estva pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00fdch \u00fadajov, samotn\u00fd po\u010det kompromitovan\u00fdch z\u00e1znamov zatienil predch\u00e1dzaj\u00face zn\u00e1me \u00faniky (a ich kompil\u00e1cie). Ve\u010f si len zoberte, \u017ee pri nesl\u00e1vne zn\u00e1mom \u00faniku \u00fadajov Cam4 v roku 2020<\/a> bolo zverejnen\u00fdch takmer 11 mili\u00e1rd z\u00e1znamov r\u00f4zneho druhu a pri naru\u0161en\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti v spolo\u010dnosti Yahoo v roku 2013<\/a> boli kompromitovan\u00e9 v\u0161etky tri miliardy pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dtov. A nezabudnime ani na pr\u00edzna\u010dne nazvan\u00fd s\u00fabor Collection No. 1<\/a> so 773 mili\u00f3nmi prihlasovac\u00edch mien a hesiel ukradnut\u00fdch r\u00f4znym organiz\u00e1ci\u00e1m, ktor\u00fd sa v roku 2019 dostal na otvoren\u00fd internet, nasledovan\u00fd \u010fal\u0161\u00edmi \u0161tyrmi \u201ezbierkami\u201c<\/a> o nieko\u013eko t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov nesk\u00f4r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010co z toho vypl\u00fdva? K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdm poznatkom je zrejme to, \u017ee aj ke\u010f uplat\u0148ujete pr\u00edsne osobn\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 opatrenia, va\u0161e prihlasovacie \u00fadaje k \u00fa\u010dtom sa st\u00e1le m\u00f4\u017eu objavi\u0165 v tak\u00fdchto zbierkach, najm\u00e4 v d\u00f4sledku naru\u0161en\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti vo ve\u013ek\u00fdch spolo\u010dnostiach. To vyvol\u00e1va ot\u00e1zku, ako m\u00f4\u017eete zisti\u0165, \u010di boli va\u0161e prihlasovacie \u00fadaje kompromitovan\u00e9. \u010c\u00edtajte \u010falej.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Verejn\u00e9 priznanie firiem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Firmy m\u00f4\u017eu podlieha\u0165 \u0161pecifick\u00fdm regula\u010dn\u00fdm po\u017eiadavk\u00e1m<\/a>, ktor\u00e9 ich zav\u00e4zuj\u00fa verejne prizna\u0165 hackersk\u00e9 incidenty a\u00a0neopraven\u00e9 zranite\u013enosti<\/strong>. Napr\u00edklad v\u00a0USA musia k\u00f3tovan\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti hl\u00e1si\u0165 \u201ez\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9\u201c kybernetick\u00e9 incidenty Americkej komisii pre cenn\u00e9 papiere a\u00a0burzu<\/a> (SEC) do\u00a096\u00a0hod\u00edn alebo \u0161tyroch pracovn\u00fdch dn\u00ed od\u00a0ich v\u00fdskytu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako to pom\u00f4\u017ee be\u017en\u00fdm \u013eu\u010fom? Tak\u00e1to transparentnos\u0165 nielen\u017ee pom\u00e1ha budova\u0165 d\u00f4veru z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov, ale umo\u017e\u0148uje im aj zisti\u0165, ak boli ich \u00fa\u010dty alebo \u00fadaje kompromitovan\u00e9. Spolo\u010dnosti zvy\u010dajne informuj\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov o \u00faniku \u00fadajov e\u2011mailom<\/a>, ale ke\u010f\u017ee s\u00fa z\u00e1znamy SEC<\/a> verejn\u00e9, m\u00f4\u017eu sa o tak\u00fdchto incidentoch dozvedie\u0165 aj z in\u00fdch zdrojov, pr\u00edpadne zo spr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ODPOR\u00da\u010cAN\u00dd \u010cL\u00c1NOK<\/strong>
Moje heslo bolo prelomen\u00e9. Ako m\u00e1m postupova\u0165?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Have I been pwned?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Asi najjednoduch\u0161\u00edm sp\u00f4sobom, ako skontrolova\u0165, \u010di niektor\u00e9 z\u00a0va\u0161ich \u00fadajov, napr\u00edklad e\u2011mailov\u00e1 adresa alebo heslo, neboli kompromitovan\u00e9 pri\u00a0\u00faniku \u00fadajov, je nav\u0161t\u00edvi\u0165 str\u00e1nku haveibeenpwned.com<\/a>. N\u00e1jdete na\u00a0nej bezplatn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj, ktor\u00fd v\u00e1m povie, kedy a\u00a0kde sa va\u0161e \u00fadaje objavili.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

E\u2011maily aj hesl\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017eete na str\u00e1nke haveibeenpwned.com skontrolova\u0165 prostredn\u00edctvom jednoduch\u00e9ho vyh\u013ead\u00e1vacieho dopytu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sta\u010d\u00ed zada\u0165 e\u2011mailov\u00fa adresu, klikn\u00fa\u0165 na \u201epwned?\u201c a je to! Zobraz\u00ed sa inform\u00e1cia o stave zabezpe\u010denia va\u0161ich prihlasovac\u00edch \u00fadajov, ako aj o presnom \u00faniku, pri ktorom boli kompromitovan\u00e9. T\u00fdm, ktor\u00ed maj\u00fa \u0161\u0165astie, sa v\u00fdsledok zobraz\u00ed v zelenej farbe, \u010do signalizuje, \u017ee nedo\u0161lo ku kompromit\u00e1cii. A t\u00fdm menej \u0161\u0165astn\u00fdm sa str\u00e1nka vyfarb\u00ed na\u010derveno s inform\u00e1ciou, pri ktorom \u00faniku \u00fadajov sa ich prihlasovacie \u00fadaje objavili.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Webov\u00e9 prehliada\u010de<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Niektor\u00e9 webov\u00e9 prehliada\u010de vr\u00e1tane prehliada\u010dov Google Chrome<\/a> a\u00a0Firefox<\/a> vedia skontrolova\u0165, \u010di neboli va\u0161e hesl\u00e1 kompromitovan\u00e9 pri\u00a0zn\u00e1mom \u00faniku \u00fadajov. Chrome v\u00e1m tie\u017e m\u00f4\u017ee odporu\u010di\u0165 silnej\u0161ie hesl\u00e1 prostredn\u00edctvom svojho modulu spr\u00e1vcu hesiel alebo pon\u00faknu\u0165 \u010fal\u0161ie funkcie na\u00a0zv\u00fd\u0161enie bezpe\u010dnosti hesiel.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Spr\u00e1vca hesiel v prehliada\u010di Chrome m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 celkom u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fd pri zis\u0165ovan\u00ed, \u010di va\u0161e \u00fadaje neunikli na verejnos\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mo\u017eno v\u0161ak budete chcie\u0165 svoju bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 posun\u00fa\u0165 na\u00a0vy\u0161\u0161iu \u00farove\u0148 a\u00a0pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 \u0161pecializovan\u00e9ho spr\u00e1vcu hesiel<\/a>, ktor\u00fd preuk\u00e1zate\u013ene berie bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 \u00fadajov v\u00e1\u017ene, a\u00a0to aj prostredn\u00edctvom spo\u013eahliv\u00e9ho \u0161ifrovania<\/strong>. Tieto n\u00e1stroje s\u00fa \u010dasto dod\u00e1van\u00e9 spolu<\/a> s\u00a0renomovan\u00fdm viacvrstvov\u00fdm bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdm softv\u00e9rom<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spr\u00e1vcovia hesiel<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Spr\u00e1vcovia hesiel s\u00fa neocenite\u013en\u00fdmi pomocn\u00edkmi pri pr\u00e1ci s\u00a0ve\u013ek\u00fdm mno\u017estvom prihlasovac\u00edch \u00fadajov, preto\u017ee ich dok\u00e1\u017eu nielen bezpe\u010dne uklada\u0165, ale aj generova\u0165 komplexn\u00e9 a\u00a0jedine\u010dn\u00e9 hesl\u00e1 pre ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u00e1\u0161 online \u00fa\u010det. Samozrejmos\u0165ou by v\u0161ak malo by\u0165 nastavenie siln\u00e9ho, ale zapam\u00e4tate\u013en\u00e9ho hlavn\u00e9ho hesla, ktor\u00e9 je k\u013e\u00fa\u010dom k\u00a0v\u00e1\u0161mu kr\u00e1\u013eovstvu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na druhej strane, tak\u00e9to trezory s heslami nie s\u00fa im\u00fanne vo\u010di kompromit\u00e1cii a zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa atrakt\u00edvnym cie\u013eom \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkov, napr\u00edklad v d\u00f4sledku \u00fatokov typu credential-stuffing<\/a> (mas\u00edvne testovanie u\u017e uniknut\u00fdch prihlasovac\u00edch \u00fadajov) alebo \u00fatokov vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00facich zranite\u013enosti softv\u00e9ru. Aj napriek tomu v\u0161ak v\u00fdhody, medzi ktor\u00e9 patr\u00ed vlastn\u00e1 kontrola uniknut\u00fdch hesiel<\/a> a integr\u00e1cia so syst\u00e9mami dvojfaktorovej autentifik\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti dostupn\u00e9 na mnoh\u00fdch online platform\u00e1ch, preva\u017euj\u00fa nad rizikami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 \u00faniku prihlasovac\u00edch \u00fadajov (a pr\u00edpadn\u00fdm n\u00e1sledkom)?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ako v prvom rade zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 \u00fanikom? M\u00f4\u017ee sa be\u017en\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e internetu chr\u00e1ni\u0165 pred \u00fanikom prihlasovac\u00edch \u00fadajov? Ak \u00e1no, ako? Ako m\u00f4\u017eete chr\u00e1ni\u0165 svoje \u00fa\u010dty?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Predov\u0161etk\u00fdm, a\u00a0to nem\u00f4\u017eeme dostato\u010dne zd\u00f4razni\u0165, sa nespoliehajte len na\u00a0hesl\u00e1. Rad\u0161ej sa uistite, \u017ee va\u0161e \u00fa\u010dty s\u00fa chr\u00e1nen\u00e9 dvoma formami identifik\u00e1cie<\/strong>. Na\u00a0tento \u00fa\u010del pou\u017e\u00edvajte dvojfaktorov\u00fa autentifik\u00e1ciu<\/a> v\u00a0ka\u017edej slu\u017ebe, ktor\u00e1 ju umo\u017e\u0148uje, ide\u00e1lne vo\u00a0forme vyhraden\u00e9ho bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9ho k\u013e\u00fa\u010da alebo overovacej aplik\u00e1cie, ako je Microsoft Authenticator alebo Google Authenticator. Pre \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkov tak bude v\u00fdrazne \u0165a\u017e\u0161ie z\u00edska\u0165 neopr\u00e1vnen\u00fd pr\u00edstup k\u00a0va\u0161im \u00fa\u010dtom<\/strong>, a\u00a0to aj v\u00a0pr\u00edpade, \u017ee sa nejak\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom dostali k\u00a0va\u0161im hesl\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokia\u013e ide o bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 hesiel ako tak\u00fa, nezapisujte si prihlasovacie \u00fadaje na papier ani ich neukladajte do aplik\u00e1cie na zapisovanie pozn\u00e1mok. Takisto je lep\u0161ie vyhn\u00fa\u0165 sa ukladaniu prihlasovac\u00edch \u00fadajov k \u00fa\u010dtom do webov\u00fdch prehliada\u010dov<\/a>, ktor\u00e9 ich zvy\u010dajne uchov\u00e1vaj\u00fa len ako jednoduch\u00e9 textov\u00e9 s\u00fabory, v d\u00f4sledku \u010doho s\u00fa zranite\u013en\u00e9 vo\u010di exfiltr\u00e1cii \u00fadajov malv\u00e9rom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Medzi \u010fal\u0161ie z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 tipy na\u00a0zabezpe\u010denie \u00fa\u010dtov patr\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvanie siln\u00fdch hesiel, ktor\u00e9 podvodn\u00edkom s\u0165a\u017euj\u00fa \u00fatoky hrubou silou<\/a>. Zabudnite na\u00a0jednoduch\u00e9 a\u00a0kr\u00e1tke hesl\u00e1<\/a>, napr\u00edklad kombin\u00e1ciu slova a\u00a0\u010d\u00edsla. V\u00a0pr\u00edpade pochybnost\u00ed pou\u017eite na\u00a0generovanie hesiel tento n\u00e1stroj spolo\u010dnosti ESET<\/a> alebo si nechajte skontrolova\u0165 silu vlastn\u00fdch hesiel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ODPOR\u00da\u010cNA\u00dd \u010cL\u00c1NOK<\/strong>
Hackovanie nie je ak\u010dn\u00fd film. Je to zd\u013ahav\u00e1 manu\u00e1lna robota, hovor\u00ed etick\u00fd hacker<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dobr\u00fdm zvykom je tie\u017e pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 pr\u00edstupov\u00e9 fr\u00e1zy<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00edstupov\u00e9 fr\u00e1zy m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 bezpe\u010dnej\u0161ie a\u00a0takisto sa \u013eah\u0161ie pam\u00e4taj\u00fa<\/strong>. Namiesto n\u00e1hodn\u00fdch kombin\u00e1ci\u00ed p\u00edsmen a\u00a0symbolov sa skladaj\u00fa zo\u00a0s\u00e9rie slov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa popretk\u00e1van\u00e9 ve\u013ek\u00fdmi p\u00edsmenami a\u00a0pr\u00edpadne \u0161peci\u00e1lnymi znakmi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podobne si pre ka\u017ed\u00fd \u00fa\u010det nastavte in\u00e9 heslo, aby ste zabr\u00e1nili \u00fatokom, ako je napr\u00edklad credential stuffing<\/a>, ktor\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edva z\u00e1\u013eubu \u013eud\u00ed v\u00a0opakovanom pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed rovnak\u00fdch prihlasovac\u00edch \u00fadajov vo\u00a0viacer\u00fdch online slu\u017eb\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nov\u0161\u00ed pr\u00edstup k\u00a0autentifik\u00e1cii sa spolieha na\u00a0prihlasovanie bez hesla, napr\u00edklad pomocou pr\u00edstupov\u00fdch k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov<\/a>, a\u00a0existuj\u00fa aj in\u00e9 met\u00f3dy prihlasovania, ako s\u00fa bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 tokeny, jednorazov\u00e9 k\u00f3dy alebo biometria<\/a> na\u00a0overenie vlastn\u00edctva \u00fa\u010dtu vo\u00a0viacer\u00fdch zariadeniach a\u00a0syst\u00e9moch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prevencia na strane spolo\u010dnost\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Spolo\u010dnosti musia investova\u0165 do\u00a0bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch rie\u0161en\u00ed, ako je napr\u00edklad softv\u00e9r na\u00a0detekciu a\u00a0reakciu, ktor\u00fd dok\u00e1\u017ee zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 naru\u0161eniam a\u00a0bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdm incidentom. Okrem toho musia organiz\u00e1cie proakt\u00edvne redukova\u0165 potenci\u00e1lne miesta \u00fatokov a\u00a0reagova\u0165 hne\u010f, ako sa zist\u00ed podozriv\u00e1 aktivita. Spr\u00e1va zranite\u013enost\u00ed je tie\u017e ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1<\/strong>, preto\u017ee sledovanie zn\u00e1mych slab\u00fdch miest v\u00a0softv\u00e9ri a\u00a0ich v\u010dasn\u00e9 opravovanie pom\u00e1ha predch\u00e1dza\u0165 ich zneu\u017eitiu kyberzlo\u010dincami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kompromit\u00e1ciu m\u00f4\u017ee sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 aj v\u0161adepr\u00edtomn\u00fd \u013eudsk\u00fd faktor, napr\u00edklad ke\u010f zamestnanec otvor\u00ed podozriv\u00fa e\u2011mailov\u00fa pr\u00edlohu alebo klikne na\u00a0nejak\u00fd odkaz. Preto nemo\u017eno podce\u0148ova\u0165 v\u00fdznam \u0161kolen\u00ed o\u00a0kybernetickej bezpe\u010dnosti<\/a><\/strong> a\u00a0ochrane koncov\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed<\/a>\/e\u2011mailov<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ka\u017ed\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165, ktor\u00e1 to mysl\u00ed s bezpe\u010dnos\u0165ou \u00fadajov v\u00e1\u017ene, by mala zv\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 aj rie\u0161enie ur\u010den\u00e9 na prevenciu straty d\u00e1t<\/a> (DLP) a zavies\u0165 spo\u013eahliv\u00fa politiku z\u00e1lohovania<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Okrem toho si sprac\u00favanie ve\u013ek\u00fdch objemov \u00fadajov klientov a zamestnancov vy\u017eaduje pr\u00edsne \u0161ifrovacie postupy. Lok\u00e1lne \u0161ifrovanie<\/a> prihlasovac\u00edch \u00fadajov m\u00f4\u017ee chr\u00e1ni\u0165 tak\u00e9to citliv\u00e9 \u00fadaje, \u010do \u00fato\u010dn\u00edkom s\u0165a\u017euje zneu\u017eitie ukradnut\u00fdch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed bez pr\u00edstupu k pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdm \u0161ifrovac\u00edm k\u013e\u00fa\u010dom. Celkovo mo\u017eno poveda\u0165, \u017ee neexistuje univerz\u00e1lne rie\u0161enie a ka\u017ed\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 mus\u00ed upravi\u0165 svoju strat\u00e9giu zabezpe\u010denia \u00fadajov tak, aby vyhovovala jej \u0161pecifick\u00fdm potreb\u00e1m, a prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 sa vyv\u00edjaj\u00facemu sa prostrediu hrozieb. Napriek tomu kombin\u00e1cia osved\u010den\u00fdch postupov v oblasti kybernetickej bezpe\u010dnosti do zna\u010dnej miery zabr\u00e1ni naru\u0161eniam bezpe\u010dnosti a \u00fanikom \u00fadajov<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

K \u00fanikom prihlasovac\u00edch \u00fadajov doch\u00e1dza \u010doraz \u010dastej\u0161ie a zisti\u0165, \u010di niekto neopr\u00e1vnene nez\u00edskal k\u013e\u00fa\u010de od v\u00e1\u0161ho kr\u00e1\u013eovstva, m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 zlo\u017eit\u00e9 \u2013 ak neviete, kde h\u013eada\u0165.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":14714,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[165,167],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14708","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cybernews","category-digitalne-hrozby"],"yoast_head":"\nAko odhali\u0165, \u010di va\u0161e hesl\u00e1 unikli na internet? | ESET<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nemus\u00edte vedie\u0165, \u017ee ste boli hacknut\u00ed. 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