{"id":14504,"date":"2024-06-19T07:04:54","date_gmt":"2024-06-19T07:04:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bezpecnenanete.eset.com\/sk\/?p=14504"},"modified":"2024-06-19T07:04:55","modified_gmt":"2024-06-19T07:04:55","slug":"malver-ukryty-v-obrazkoch-je-to-pravdepodobnejsie-nez-si-myslite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bezpecnenanete.eset.com\/sk\/cybernews\/malver-ukryty-v-obrazkoch-je-to-pravdepodobnejsie-nez-si-myslite\/","title":{"rendered":"Malv\u00e9r ukryt\u00fd v\u00a0obr\u00e1zkoch? Je to pravdepodobnej\u0161ie, ne\u017e si mysl\u00edte"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"malv\u00e9r<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Niektor\u00e9 obr\u00e1zky v\u00a0sebe skr\u00fdvaj\u00fa viac, ne\u017e sa na\u00a0prv\u00fd poh\u013ead zd\u00e1 \u2013 za\u00a0ich naoko nevinnou fas\u00e1dou m\u00f4\u017ee \u010d\u00edha\u0165 zlovestn\u00e1 hrozba. Ke\u010f\u017ee bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fd softv\u00e9r dok\u00e1\u017ee u\u017e pomerne dobre odhali\u0165 podozriv\u00e9 s\u00fabory a\u00a0firmy si \u010doraz viac uvedomuj\u00fa potrebu zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 svoje kybernetick\u00e9 zabezpe\u010denie pomocou \u010fal\u0161\u00edch vrstiev ochrany, \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci sa pri\u00a0\u0161\u00edren\u00ed infekcie musia uchy\u013eova\u0165 k\u00a0r\u00f4znym \u00faskokom, aby sa vyhli detekcii. V\u00a0podstate ka\u017ed\u00fd bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fd softv\u00e9r je dostato\u010dne v\u00fdkonn\u00fd na\u00a0to, aby odhalil v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu \u0161kodliv\u00fdch s\u00faborov. \u00dato\u010dn\u00edci preto neust\u00e1le h\u013eadaj\u00fa r\u00f4zne sp\u00f4soby, ako sa vyhn\u00fa\u0165 detekcii, a\u00a0medzi ne patr\u00ed aj malv\u00e9r ukryt\u00fd v\u00a0obr\u00e1zkoch alebo fotk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malv\u00e9r ukryt\u00fd v obr\u00e1zkoch<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f4\u017ee to znie\u0165 ako pritiahnut\u00e9 za\u00a0vlasy, ale tak\u00e1 je realita. Malv\u00e9r<\/a><\/strong> vlo\u017een\u00fd do\u00a0obr\u00e1zkov r\u00f4znych form\u00e1tov je v\u00fdsledkom steganografie<\/strong><\/a>, techniky ukr\u00fdvania \u00fadajov do\u00a0s\u00faborov s\u00a0cie\u013eom zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 ich detekcii. V\u00fdskumn\u00ed pracovn\u00edci spolo\u010dnosti ESET si v\u0161imli, \u017ee t\u00fato techniku pou\u017e\u00edva kybernetick\u00e1 \u0161pion\u00e1\u017ena skupina Worok<\/a><\/strong>, ktor\u00e1 ukryla \u0161kodliv\u00fd k\u00f3d do\u00a0obr\u00e1zkov\u00fdch s\u00faborov, pri\u010dom na\u00a0jeho n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 extrahovanie vyu\u017eila len \u0161pecifick\u00e9 inform\u00e1cie o\u00a0pixeloch. Chceme v\u0161ak upozorni\u0165, \u017ee syst\u00e9my, na\u00a0ktor\u00fdch k\u00a0tomuto \u00fatoku do\u0161lo, u\u017e boli kompromitovan\u00e9, preto\u017ee ako bolo spomenut\u00e9 vy\u0161\u0161ie, ukr\u00fdvanie malv\u00e9ru vn\u00fatri obr\u00e1zkov je sk\u00f4r o\u00a0vyh\u00fdban\u00ed sa detekcii ne\u017e o\u00a0z\u00edskan\u00ed prvotn\u00e9ho pr\u00edstupu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So\u00a0\u0161kodliv\u00fdmi obr\u00e1zkami sa naj\u010dastej\u0161ie stretnete na\u00a0webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nkach alebo v\u00a0r\u00f4znych dokumentoch. V\u00a0tejto s\u00favislosti sa m\u00f4\u017ee niektor\u00fdm vybavi\u0165 aj adv\u00e9r: k\u00f3d ukryt\u00fd v\u00a0reklamn\u00fdch baneroch<\/strong><\/a>. Samotn\u00fd k\u00f3d, k\u00fdm je vlo\u017een\u00fd do\u00a0obr\u00e1zka, sa nem\u00f4\u017ee s\u00e1m spusti\u0165 ani extrahova\u0165. Na\u00a0to je potrebn\u00fd \u010fal\u0161\u00ed malv\u00e9r. Miera nevyhnutnej interakcie zo\u00a0strany pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013ea je r\u00f4zna a\u00a0pravdepodobnos\u0165, \u017ee si niekto v\u0161imne \u0161kodliv\u00fa aktivitu, zrejme viac z\u00e1vis\u00ed od\u00a0k\u00f3du, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 na\u00a0starosti extrakciu, ne\u017e od\u00a0samotn\u00e9ho obr\u00e1zka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Najmenej v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 bity s najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm dosahom<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Medzi najpref\u00edkanej\u0161ie sp\u00f4soby, ako vlo\u017ei\u0165 \u0161kodliv\u00fd k\u00f3d do obr\u00e1zka, je nahradi\u0165 najmenej v\u00fdznamn\u00fd bit ka\u017edej hodnoty RGBA (red-green-blue-alpha) ka\u017ed\u00e9ho pixela jedn\u00fdm mal\u00fdm k\u00faskom spr\u00e1vy. \u010eal\u0161ou technikou je vlo\u017ei\u0165 k\u00f3d do alfa kan\u00e1la obr\u00e1zka (ozna\u010duj\u00faceho neprieh\u013eadnos\u0165 farby), pri\u010dom sa pou\u017eije len jeho pomerne zanedbate\u013en\u00e1 \u010das\u0165. V\u010faka tomu vyzer\u00e1 obr\u00e1zok viac\u2011menej rovnako ako regul\u00e1rny obr\u00e1zok, tak\u017ee je \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 vo\u013en\u00fdm okom spozorova\u0165 ak\u00fdko\u013evek rozdiel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00edkladom z\u00a0minulosti bola situ\u00e1cia, ke\u010f legit\u00edmne reklamn\u00e9 siete zobrazovali reklamy, ktor\u00e9 potenci\u00e1lne viedli na\u00a0\u0161kodliv\u00fd baner odoslan\u00fd z\u00a0napadnut\u00e9ho servera. Z\u00a0baneru bol extrahovan\u00fd k\u00f3d JavaScript, ktor\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edval zranite\u013enos\u0165 CVE\u20112016\u20110162<\/a> <\/strong>v\u00a0niektor\u00fdch verzi\u00e1ch prehliada\u010da Internet Explorer na\u00a0z\u00edskanie \u010fal\u0161\u00edch inform\u00e1ci\u00ed o\u00a0cieli.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"malv\u00e9r<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Hoci sa oba obr\u00e1zky zdaj\u00fa rovnak\u00e9, jeden z\u00a0nich obsahuje \u0161kodliv\u00fd k\u00f3d ukryt\u00fd v\u00a0alfa kan\u00e1li pixelov. V\u0161imnite si, \u017ee obr\u00e1zok vpravo je zvl\u00e1\u0161tne rozpixelovan\u00fd.

(Zdroj: v\u00fdskum spolo\u010dnosti ESET)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160kodliv\u00e9 k\u00f3dy extrahovan\u00e9 z\u00a0obr\u00e1zkov by mohli by\u0165 pou\u017eit\u00e9 na\u00a0r\u00f4zne \u00fa\u010dely. V\u00a0pr\u00edpade zranite\u013enosti prehliada\u010da Explorer extrahovan\u00fd skript skontroloval, \u010di je prehliada\u010d spusten\u00fd na\u00a0monitorovanom zariaden\u00ed, napr\u00edklad na\u00a0po\u010d\u00edta\u010di analytika malv\u00e9ru. Ak nebol, do\u0161lo k\u00a0presmerovaniu na\u00a0vstupn\u00fa str\u00e1nku exploit kitu<\/strong><\/a>. Po\u00a0zneu\u017eit\u00ed zranite\u013enosti sa kone\u010dn\u00fd \u0161kodliv\u00fd k\u00f3d pou\u017eil na\u00a0doru\u010denie malv\u00e9ru, ako s\u00fa backdoory, bankov\u00e9 tr\u00f3jske kone, spyv\u00e9r, n\u00e1stroje na\u00a0kr\u00e1de\u017e s\u00faborov a\u00a0podobne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"malv\u00e9r<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u013eava doprava: ne\u0161kodn\u00fd obr\u00e1zok, obr\u00e1zok so\u00a0\u0161kodliv\u00fdm obsahom a\u00a0ten ist\u00fd \u0161kodliv\u00fd obr\u00e1zok so\u00a0zv\u00fdraznen\u00fdm \u0161kodliv\u00fdm k\u00f3dom

(Zdroj: v\u00fdskum spolo\u010dnosti ESET)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ako vid\u00edte, rozdiel medzi ne\u0161kodn\u00fdm a \u0161kodliv\u00fdm obr\u00e1zkom je pomerne mal\u00fd. Be\u017en\u00e9mu \u010dloveku sa m\u00f4\u017ee \u0161kodliv\u00fd obr\u00e1zok zda\u0165 len trochu in\u00fd a v tomto pr\u00edpade by sa zvl\u00e1\u0161tny vzh\u013ead dal prip\u00edsa\u0165 zlej kvalite a rozl\u00ed\u0161eniu obr\u00e1zka. V skuto\u010dnosti s\u00fa v\u0161ak v\u0161etky tmav\u00e9 pixely zv\u00fdraznen\u00e9 na obr\u00e1zku vpravo znakom \u0161kodliv\u00e9ho k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n
\n
\n
\"ESET<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

ESET HOME Security Essential<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Komplexn\u00e1 digit\u00e1lna ochrana. Bezstarostn\u00e9 platby <\/strong>a zabezpe\u010denie s\u00fakromia v\u010faka funkci\u00e1m, ako je anti-phishingov\u00e1 ochrana a ochrana Wi-Fi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
Presk\u00fama\u0165 funkcie<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

ESET HOME Security Premium<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zv\u00fd\u0161te svoju ochranu pomocou n\u00e1stroja Password Manager, \u0161ifrovania citliv\u00fdch s\u00faborov a \u0161pi\u010dkovej detekcie hrozieb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
Presk\u00fama\u0165 funkcie<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

ESET HOME Security Ultimate<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00edskajte najlep\u0161\u00ed dostupn\u00fd pl\u00e1n zabezpe\u010denia doplnen\u00fd o VPN a funkciu \u010cistenia metad\u00e1t a bu\u010fte bez ob\u00e1v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\u00a0Presk\u00fama\u0165 funkcie<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

Nie je d\u00f4vod na paniku<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Teraz v\u00e1s mo\u017eno zauj\u00edma, \u010di obr\u00e1zky, ktor\u00e9 vid\u00edte na soci\u00e1lnych sie\u0165ach, m\u00f4\u017eu ukr\u00fdva\u0165 nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd k\u00f3d. Treba si uvedomi\u0165, \u017ee obr\u00e1zky nahran\u00e9 na webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky soci\u00e1lnych m\u00e9di\u00ed s\u00fa zvy\u010dajne zna\u010dne komprimovan\u00e9 a upraven\u00e9, tak\u017ee pre \u00fato\u010dn\u00edka by bolo ve\u013emi n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 ukry\u0165 v nich zachovan\u00fd a plne funk\u010dn\u00fd k\u00f3d. Ve\u010f sta\u010d\u00ed len porovna\u0165, ako vyzer\u00e1 fotografia pred nahrat\u00edm na Instagram a potom \u2013 zvy\u010dajne s\u00fa v kvalite zrete\u013en\u00e9 rozdiely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010co je v\u0161ak d\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie, malv\u00e9r ukryt\u00fd v\u00a0obr\u00e1zkoch – skr\u00fdvanie malv\u00e9ru v\u00a0pixeloch RGB a\u00a0in\u00e9 steganografick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy m\u00f4\u017eu predstavova\u0165 nebezpe\u010denstvo len vtedy, ke\u010f vlo\u017een\u00e9 \u00fadaje pre\u010d\u00edta program, ktor\u00fd dok\u00e1\u017ee extrahova\u0165 \u0161kodliv\u00fd k\u00f3d a\u00a0spusti\u0165 ho v\u00a0syst\u00e9me. Obr\u00e1zky sa \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na\u00a0zakrytie malv\u00e9ru stiahnut\u00e9ho z\u00a0riadiacich a\u00a0kontroln\u00fdch serverov (C&C)<\/strong><\/a>, aby sa \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci vyhli detekcii bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdm softv\u00e9rom. V\u00a0jednom pr\u00edpade sa tr\u00f3jsky k\u00f4\u0148 s\u00a0n\u00e1zvom ZeroT<\/strong><\/a> stiahol do\u00a0po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov obet\u00ed prostredn\u00edctvom infikovan\u00fdch dokumentov Word prilo\u017een\u00fdch k\u00a0e\u2011mailom. To v\u0161ak nie je to najzauj\u00edmavej\u0161ie. Spolu s\u00a0n\u00edm sa stiahol aj variant tr\u00f3jskeho ko\u0148a pre\u00a0vzdialen\u00fd pr\u00edstup PlugX (alias Korplug), ktor\u00fd pomocou steganografie extrahoval malv\u00e9r z\u00a0obr\u00e1zka Britney Spears<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In\u00fdmi slovami, ak ste chr\u00e1nen\u00ed pred tr\u00f3jskymi ko\u0148mi, ako je ZeroT, nemus\u00ed v\u00e1s to\u013eko tr\u00e1pi\u0165 jeho schopnos\u0165 vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 steganografiu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na\u00a0z\u00e1ver treba doda\u0165, \u017ee \u00faspe\u0161nos\u0165 exploitu extrahovan\u00e9ho z\u00a0obr\u00e1zkov z\u00e1vis\u00ed od\u00a0pr\u00edtomnosti zranite\u013enost\u00ed. Ak u\u017e s\u00fa na\u00a0va\u0161ich syst\u00e9moch nain\u0161talovan\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 z\u00e1platy, exploit nem\u00e1 \u0161ancu. Preto je dobr\u00e9 v\u017edy pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 aktualizovan\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 rie\u0161enia, aplik\u00e1cie a\u00a0opera\u010dn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my. Zneu\u017eitiu prostredn\u00edctvom exploit kitov sa d\u00e1 pred\u00eds\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00edm softv\u00e9ru s\u00a0nain\u0161talovan\u00fdmi z\u00e1platami a\u00a0spo\u013eahliv\u00e9ho, aktualizovan\u00e9ho bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9ho rie\u0161enia<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Platia rovnak\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1 kybernetickej bezpe\u010dnosti<\/a> <\/strong>ako v\u017edy a\u00a0informovanos\u0165 je prv\u00fdm krokom k\u00a0bezpe\u010dnej\u0161iemu \u017eivotu v\u00a0digit\u00e1lnom svete.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Spracoval: t\u00edm ESET
Zdroj: WeLiveSecurity \u2013 M\u00e1rk Szab\u00f3: Malware hiding in pictures? More likely than you think<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00dato\u010dn\u00edci neust\u00e1le h\u013eadaj\u00fa r\u00f4zne sp\u00f4soby, ako sa vyhn\u00fa\u0165 detekcii, a\u00a0medzi ne patr\u00ed aj malv\u00e9r ukryt\u00fd v\u00a0obr\u00e1zkoch alebo fotk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":14511,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[165,167],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14504","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cybernews","category-digitalne-hrozby"],"yoast_head":"\nMalv\u00e9r ukryt\u00fd v\u00a0obr\u00e1zkoch a spojen\u00e9 rizik\u00e1 | ESET Slovensko<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u00dato\u010dn\u00edci neust\u00e1le h\u013eadaj\u00fa r\u00f4zne sp\u00f4soby, ako sa vyhn\u00fa\u0165 detekcii, a\u00a0medzi ne patr\u00ed aj malv\u00e9r ukryt\u00fd v\u00a0obr\u00e1zkoch alebo fotk\u00e1ch.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bezpecnenanete.eset.com\/sk\/cybernews\/malver-ukryty-v-obrazkoch-je-to-pravdepodobnejsie-nez-si-myslite\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Malv\u00e9r ukryt\u00fd v\u00a0obr\u00e1zkoch a spojen\u00e9 rizik\u00e1 | ESET Slovensko\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00dato\u010dn\u00edci neust\u00e1le h\u013eadaj\u00fa r\u00f4zne sp\u00f4soby, ako sa vyhn\u00fa\u0165 detekcii, a\u00a0medzi ne patr\u00ed aj malv\u00e9r ukryt\u00fd v\u00a0obr\u00e1zkoch alebo fotk\u00e1ch.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/bezpecnenanete.eset.com\/sk\/cybernews\/malver-ukryty-v-obrazkoch-je-to-pravdepodobnejsie-nez-si-myslite\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bezpe\u010dne na nete | ESET\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ESETnaSlovensku\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-06-19T07:04:54+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-06-19T07:04:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/bezpecnenanete.eset.com\/sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/hlavny-banner-1200x628_2024-17-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"628\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"ESET User\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Autor\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"ESET User\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Predpokladan\u00fd \u010das \u010d\u00edtania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 min\u00fat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bezpecnenanete.eset.com\\\/sk\\\/cybernews\\\/malver-ukryty-v-obrazkoch-je-to-pravdepodobnejsie-nez-si-myslite\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bezpecnenanete.eset.com\\\/sk\\\/cybernews\\\/malver-ukryty-v-obrazkoch-je-to-pravdepodobnejsie-nez-si-myslite\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"ESET User\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/bezpecnenanete.eset.com\\\/sk\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/dea8a7aed2893ceadc39b5e354c5b05e\"},\"headline\":\"Malv\u00e9r ukryt\u00fd v\u00a0obr\u00e1zkoch? 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