{"id":12095,"date":"2023-05-22T06:59:06","date_gmt":"2023-05-22T06:59:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bezpecnenanete.eset.com\/sk\/?p=12095"},"modified":"2025-04-01T07:31:22","modified_gmt":"2025-04-01T07:31:22","slug":"spravne-pouzivanie-technologii-co-je-digitalna-hygiena","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bezpecnenanete.eset.com\/sk\/rodicia-a-deti\/spravne-pouzivanie-technologii-co-je-digitalna-hygiena\/","title":{"rendered":"Spr\u00e1vne pou\u017e\u00edvanie technol\u00f3gi\u00ed. \u010co je digit\u00e1lna hygiena?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"digitalna<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Tento \u010dl\u00e1nok je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou glob\u00e1lnej iniciat\u00edvy spolo\u010dnosti ESET Safer Kids Online<\/a>.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u010faka digit\u00e1lnym technol\u00f3gi\u00e1m m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 deti kreat\u00edvnej\u0161ie, budova\u0165 si vlastn\u00fa identitu a udr\u017eiava\u0165 kontakt s bl\u00edzkymi. Aby v\u0161ak technol\u00f3gie mohli na ich \u017eivot vpl\u00fdva\u0165 pozit\u00edvne, musia sa ich nau\u010di\u0165 spr\u00e1vne pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165. Ako pre svoje deti vybudujete udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fa a zdrav\u00fa digit\u00e1lnu hygienu? Detsk\u00e1 psychologi\u010dka Jarmila Tomkov\u00e1 v\u00e1m v nasleduj\u00facom \u010dl\u00e1nku pon\u00fakne nieko\u013eko u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fdch r\u00e1d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So stanovovan\u00edm hran\u00edc za\u010dnite v\u010das<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Kedy by mali deti za\u010da\u0165 samostatne pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 smart technol\u00f3gie? Hoci maj\u00fa s inteligentn\u00fdmi zariadeniami u\u017e od \u00fatleho veku zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161a aspo\u0148 nejak\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti \u2013 napr\u00edklad v\u010faka sledovaniu rozpr\u00e1vok na YouTube<\/strong><\/a>, rodi\u010dia zvy\u010dajne na tieto ran\u00e9 aktivity pomerne pr\u00edsne dohliadaj\u00fa. V pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed technol\u00f3gi\u00ed by sa mali osamostat\u0148ova\u0165 (aj ke\u010f st\u00e1le pod doh\u013eadom) a\u017e vo vy\u0161\u0161om veku. Ako vysvet\u013euje Jarmila Tomkov\u00e1, \u201eokolo jeden\u00e1stich rokov<\/a><\/strong> sa myslenie die\u0165a\u0165a men\u00ed z konkr\u00e9tneho na abstraktnej\u0161ie. Mlad\u0161ie deti m\u00f4\u017eu \u013eudia \u010di veci okolo nich ve\u013emi \u013eahko ovplyvni\u0165, \u010do vo svete technol\u00f3gi\u00ed predstavuje skuto\u010dn\u00e9 nebezpe\u010denstvo: s\u00fa omnoho n\u00e1chylnej\u0161ie na manipul\u00e1ciu prostredn\u00edctvom rekl\u00e1m \u010di nevhodn\u00e9ho obsahu.<\/strong> Ke\u010f sa v\u0161ak vyvin\u00fa nato\u013eko, \u017ee dok\u00e1\u017eu rozozna\u0165 hranicu medzi konkr\u00e9tnym a abstraktn\u00fdm, vedia lep\u0161ie porozumie\u0165 online svetu a racion\u00e1lnej\u0161ie ho uchopi\u0165, \u010d\u00edm sa pre nich internet stane u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fdm n\u00e1strojom.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rodi\u010dia by v\u0161ak mali s de\u0165mi diskutova\u0165 o inteligentn\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00e1ch roky predt\u00fdm, ako im dovolia pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 vlastn\u00e9 zariadenia. \u201eDeti by mali vedie\u0165, \u010do m\u00f4\u017eu o\u010dak\u00e1va\u0165, e\u0161te ne\u017e vst\u00fapia do online sveta. Je potrebn\u00e9 im vysvetli\u0165, ako zosta\u0165 na internete v bezpe\u010d\u00ed a ako sa vyhn\u00fa\u0165 nepr\u00edjemn\u00fdm situ\u00e1ci\u00e1m. Predov\u0161etk\u00fdm by si mali uvedomi\u0165, \u017ee ak narazia na nie\u010do negat\u00edvne, v\u017edy sa m\u00f4\u017eu obr\u00e1ti\u0165 na rodi\u010dov a poradi\u0165 sa s nimi.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Psychologi\u010dka tie\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee aj\u00a0ke\u010f je die\u0165a dostato\u010dne star\u00e9 na\u00a0to, aby samo pou\u017e\u00edvalo inteligentn\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie, st\u00e1le potrebuje doh\u013ead: \u201e\u010casto pou\u017e\u00edvam prirovnanie so\u00a0\u0161of\u00e9rovan\u00edm. Hoci sa die\u0165a c\u00edti psychicky pripraven\u00e9 na\u00a0\u0161of\u00e9rovanie, neznamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee by malo okam\u017eite sadn\u00fa\u0165 za\u00a0volant. Najprv sa mus\u00ed nau\u010di\u0165 jazdi\u0165 a\u00a0pod dozorom si vysk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 r\u00f4zne scen\u00e1re, aby vedelo, ako v\u00a0bud\u00facnosti reagova\u0165. Rovnako je to aj\u00a0s\u00a0technol\u00f3giami.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

ESET HOME Security Ultimate<\/a><\/strong> pon\u00faka rodi\u010dovsk\u00fa kontrolu s vekov\u00fdmi obmedzeniami, blokovan\u00edm nevhodn\u00e9ho obsahu a monitorovan\u00edm aktiv\u00edt. Ochrana heslom zabra\u0148uje neopr\u00e1vnen\u00fdm zmen\u00e1m, z\u00e1mok aplik\u00e1ci\u00ed a bezpe\u010dn\u00fd prehliada\u010d zais\u0165uj\u00fa bezpe\u010dnos\u0165 det\u00ed na r\u00f4znych zariadeniach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ODPOR\u00da\u010cAN\u00dd \u010cL\u00c1NOK<\/strong>: 6 jednoduch\u00fdch tipov, ako skr\u00e1ti\u0165 \u010das str\u00e1ven\u00fd pred obrazovkou<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cho\u010fte pr\u00edkladom<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Rodi\u010dia by mali by\u0165 pre svoje deti pr\u00edkladom a pestova\u0165 si zdrav\u00fd vz\u0165ah k technol\u00f3gi\u00e1m soci\u00e1lnych m\u00e9di\u00ed.<\/strong> \u201eRodi\u010dia s\u00fa pre svoje deti vzorom a treba si to uvedomova\u0165. Sp\u00f4sob, ak\u00fdm pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa technol\u00f3gie, pren\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa aj na ne, a rovnako maj\u00fa v ruk\u00e1ch moc formova\u0165 v nich zdrav\u00e9 n\u00e1vyky. Presn\u00e1 met\u00f3da ich stanovenia a vymedzenie hran\u00edc zost\u00e1va na samotn\u00fdch rodi\u010doch. Musia si v\u0161ak uvedomi\u0165 svoje postavenie a vytvori\u0165 rozumn\u00fd syst\u00e9m, ktor\u00fd bude dodr\u017eiava\u0165 cel\u00e1 rodina,\u201c<\/em> navrhuje Jarmila Tomkov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nau\u010dte deti, \u017ee sloboda spo\u010d\u00edva v nez\u00e1vislosti od technol\u00f3gi\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pri nastavovan\u00ed re\u017eimu zdravej digit\u00e1lnej hygieny by sa deti v ide\u00e1lnom pr\u00edpade nemali c\u00edti\u0165, akoby ste ich bezd\u00f4vodne pr\u00edli\u0161 striktne obmedzovali. \u201eN\u00e1le\u017eit\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvanie digit\u00e1lnych m\u00e9di\u00ed mo\u017eno prirovna\u0165 k zdravej strave. Jedlo potrebujeme na pre\u017eitie, pri\u010dom jeme r\u00f4zne veci vr\u00e1tane sladkost\u00ed aj v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00fdch potrav\u00edn. Nem\u00f4\u017eeme sa v\u0161ak stravova\u0165 bez prest\u00e1vky ani sa cel\u00fd de\u0148 napch\u00e1va\u0165 iba sladkos\u0165ami \u010di jes\u0165 len pred span\u00edm. Ke\u010f deti u\u010d\u00edme zdravo sa stravova\u0165, v\u0161etko im vysvetl\u00edme a nenariadime im pr\u00edsnu di\u00e9tu, z ktorej by boli ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00e9. Tak\u00fdto pr\u00edstup vedie okrem in\u00e9ho len k zatajovan\u00e9mu ma\u0161krteniu alebo prejedaniu sa,\u201c<\/em> vysvet\u013euje Jarmila Tomkov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Deti by mali pochopi\u0165, \u017ee je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 ma\u0165 nastaven\u00e9 hranice, \u017ee v\u010faka dodr\u017eiavaniu digit\u00e1lnej hygieny si m\u00f4\u017eu u\u017e\u00edva\u0165 \u017eivot online aj offline a zachova\u0165 si pritom psychick\u00e9 zdravie.<\/strong> Vysvetlite im, \u017ee slobodn\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 vtedy, ke\u010f nebud\u00fa podriaden\u00e9 technol\u00f3gi\u00e1m. \u201eKe\u010f sme neust\u00e1le online, n\u00e1\u0161 mozog sa st\u00e1va z\u00e1visl\u00fdm od obsahu, ktor\u00fd konzumujeme. Mali by sme deti nau\u010di\u0165, \u017ee ke\u010f nebud\u00fa nonstop na telef\u00f3noch, ni\u010d nestratia, naopak, z\u00edskaj\u00fa slobodu. T\u00edned\u017eeri pravdepodobne ocenia du\u00e1lnu rolu digit\u00e1lneho experta a emancipovanej bytosti z\u00e1rove\u0148, namiesto toho, aby sa c\u00edtili zotro\u010den\u00ed technol\u00f3giami,\u201c <\/em>dod\u00e1va Tomkov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ODPOR\u00da\u010cAN\u00dd \u010cL\u00c1NOK<\/strong>: \u010co potrebujete vedie\u0165 o sextingu?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zamyslite sa nad \u010dasom<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Vek, v ktorom va\u0161e deti za\u010dn\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 technol\u00f3gie, je k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fd. Pokia\u013e ide o mno\u017estvo \u010dasu, ktor\u00e9 by mali tr\u00e1vi\u0165 na telef\u00f3ne alebo notebooku, psychologi\u010dka hovor\u00ed, \u017ee neexistuje jedno pevn\u00e9 pravidlo. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 rodina by si mala rozumne a jasne stanovi\u0165 harmonogram pou\u017e\u00edvania digit\u00e1lnych technol\u00f3gi\u00ed.<\/strong> De\u0165om mlad\u0161\u00edm ako 3 roky \u010das str\u00e1ven\u00fd pri obrazovke obmedzujeme pr\u00edsnej\u0161ie. Nesmie prekro\u010di\u0165 viac ako 30 \u2013 50 min\u00fat denne, v\u017edy v kr\u00e1tkych \u010dasov\u00fdch intervaloch. Odpor\u00fa\u010dame tie\u017e vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 prirodzen\u00e9 digit\u00e1lne pr\u00edle\u017eitosti, ako s\u00fa kr\u00e1tke videohovory s rodinou alebo pomal\u00e9, neagres\u00edvne hry \u010di rozpr\u00e1vky. Ke\u010f deti vyrast\u00fa, pravidl\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017eete prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 ich \u0161pecifick\u00fdm potreb\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rodi\u010dia by im tie\u017e mali pom\u00f4c\u0165 presk\u00fama\u0165 d\u00f4vody pou\u017e\u00edvania zariaden\u00ed a d\u00e1va\u0165 pozor na to, pre\u010do a kedy po nich siahaj\u00fa. \u201ePod\u013ea \u0161tatist\u00edk \u013eudia kontroluj\u00fa svoj telef\u00f3n ka\u017ed\u00fdch 6 min\u00fat, \u010do je ve\u013emi \u010dasto,\u201c<\/em> tvrd\u00ed Tomkov\u00e1. Priemern\u00fd \u010dlovek potom na mobile denne str\u00e1vi pribli\u017ene 3 hodiny a 15 min\u00fat<\/a><\/strong>. Z pou\u017e\u00edvania telef\u00f3nu alebo notebooku by sa nemala sta\u0165 iba bezmy\u0161lienkovit\u00e1 \u010dinnos\u0165, ktor\u00fa deti vykon\u00e1vaj\u00fa automaticky alebo len preto, \u017ee sa nudia. Rodi\u010dia by sa mali so svojimi de\u0165mi zhov\u00e1ra\u0165 o medi\u00e1lnych technol\u00f3gi\u00e1ch <\/strong>a vybudova\u0165 si na z\u00e1klade dial\u00f3gu vz\u00e1jomne d\u00f4vern\u00fd vz\u0165ah. Podobn\u00fdmi rozhovormi pom\u00e1hame de\u0165om lep\u0161ie sa spozna\u0165, a t\u00fdm aj lep\u0161ie regulova\u0165 pou\u017e\u00edvanie zariaden\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eHoci \u013eudia niekedy prehliadaj\u00fa, kedy deti pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa svoje zariadenia, t\u00e1to inform\u00e1cia je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1,\u201c <\/em>dod\u00e1va psychologi\u010dka. Pou\u017e\u00edvanie technol\u00f3gi\u00ed tesne pred span\u00edm m\u00f4\u017ee napr\u00edklad de\u0165om s\u0165a\u017ei\u0165 zasp\u00e1vanie. Ak svoj telef\u00f3n vezm\u00fa do r\u00fak hne\u010f r\u00e1no, takisto nejde o najzdrav\u0161\u00ed zvyk, preto\u017ee mozog potrebuje ur\u010dit\u00fd \u010das na prebudenie a zorientovanie sa. Nezabudnite preto myslie\u0165 na frekvenciu a motiv\u00e1ciu pou\u017e\u00edvania zariaden\u00ed, ale aj na \u010dasov\u00fd harmonogram.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vyv\u00e1\u017ete pomer online a offline aktiv\u00edt<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u010c\u00edm viac \u010dasu tr\u00e1vime na svojich zariadeniach, t\u00fdm menej sa h\u00fdbeme. Okrem toho je online svet pln\u00fd r\u00f4znych podnetov, \u010do plat\u00ed najm\u00e4 pre ak\u010dn\u00e9 hry a TikTok<\/a><\/strong>. Ke\u010f sa stretneme s tak\u00fdmto obsahom, n\u00e1\u0161 mozog m\u00e1 tendenciu prejs\u0165 do stavu ak\u00e9hosi tranzu a nadmern\u00e9ho vybudenia. \u201eNem\u00f4\u017eeme \u010daka\u0165, \u017ee deti bud\u00fa hodinu hra\u0165 online hru a potom si hne\u010f p\u00f4jdu robi\u0165 dom\u00e1ce \u00falohy. Po takejto digit\u00e1lnej n\u00e1lo\u017ei potrebuj\u00fa nejak\u00fd \u010das na neurologick\u00e9 zotavenie, napr\u00edklad prostredn\u00edctvom prech\u00e1dzky, behu alebo hry v z\u00e1hrade. N\u00e1sledne pre ne bude \u013eah\u0161ie obsedie\u0165 a op\u00e4\u0165 sa s\u00fastredi\u0165,\u201c <\/em>komentuje Tomkov\u00e1. Ke\u010f\u017ee k vybudeniu doch\u00e1dza len v mozgu a telo zost\u00e1va v pokoji, deti musia vyv\u00e1\u017ei\u0165 \u010das str\u00e1ven\u00fd online s offline aktivitami vr\u00e1tane r\u00f4znych druhov pohybu a \u0161portu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010cinnos\u0165ou tela sa prirodzene uvo\u013en\u00ed nahromaden\u00e9 vytr\u017eenie, v\u010faka \u010domu sa die\u0165a n\u00e1sledne m\u00f4\u017ee s\u00fastredi\u0165 na in\u00e9 \u00falohy. Okrem pohybov\u00fdch aktiv\u00edt by sme ich mali vies\u0165 aj k h\u013eadaniu \u010fal\u0161\u00edch offline kon\u00ed\u010dkov a uisti\u0165 sa, \u017ee so svojimi priate\u013emi a rodinou udr\u017euj\u00fa kontakt i v re\u00e1lnom \u017eivote, nielen cez internet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ak chcete vysk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 digit\u00e1lny detox, cho\u010fte na\u0148 spr\u00e1vne<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Digit\u00e1lny detox<\/a><\/strong> je medzi dospel\u00fdmi \u010doraz popul\u00e1rnej\u0161\u00ed. Niektor\u00ed \u013eudia si z\u00e1merne odopieraj\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edvanie inteligentn\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00ed a zariaden\u00ed na vymedzen\u00fd \u010das, lebo si chc\u00fa odd\u00fdchnu\u0165 od online sf\u00e9ry a s\u00fastredi\u0165 sa na skuto\u010dn\u00fd svet. Je tak\u00fdto radik\u00e1lny pr\u00edstup vhodn\u00fd aj pre deti? \u201eDigit\u00e1lny detox by mal prich\u00e1dza\u0165 do \u00favahy len vtedy, ke\u010f u\u017e die\u0165a praktikuje vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fa digit\u00e1lnu hygienu. V opa\u010dnom pr\u00edpade by mohol prinies\u0165 viac \u0161kody ako \u00fa\u017eitku,\u201c<\/em> odpoved\u00e1 Tomkov\u00e1. Ak sa rozhodneme vysk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 digit\u00e1lny detox, mus\u00edme ho vykona\u0165 spr\u00e1vne. P\u00fdtate sa ako? \u201eV prvom rade mus\u00ed pre detox existova\u0165 nejak\u00fd d\u00f4vod \u2013 napr\u00edklad sa m\u00f4\u017eeme s de\u0165mi stavi\u0165 o to, kto vydr\u017e\u00ed dlh\u0161ie bez technol\u00f3gi\u00ed. Pr\u00edpadne si vymysl\u00edme v\u00fdzvu a de\u0165om povieme, \u017ee chceme spolo\u010dne pozorova\u0165 na\u0161e nutkanie pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 technol\u00f3gie a zisti\u0165, kedy najviac siahame po telef\u00f3noch. Ak detox nem\u00e1 jasn\u00fd \u00fa\u010del, deti ho bud\u00fa vn\u00edma\u0165 ako nezmyseln\u00e9 obmedzenie,\u201c<\/em> rad\u00ed psychologi\u010dka. V pr\u00edpade, \u017ee sa rozhodneme vysk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 digit\u00e1lny detox, mali by sme s touto sk\u00fasenos\u0165ou efekt\u00edvne pracova\u0165 a diskutova\u0165 o r\u00f4znych em\u00f3ci\u00e1ch a uvedomeniach, ktor\u00e9 n\u00e1m priniesol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rodi\u010dia by tie\u017e mali prem\u00fd\u0161\u013ea\u0165 o tom, kedy je detox najlep\u0161ie vykona\u0165. \u201eTechnol\u00f3gie m\u00f4\u017eeme odlo\u017ei\u0165 napr\u00edklad po\u010das v\u00fdletu a svoju pozornos\u0165 prenies\u0165 na z\u00e1\u017eitky. Ak si v\u0161ak detox napl\u00e1nujeme na da\u017ediv\u00fd de\u0148, ke\u010f nem\u00e1me \u010do robi\u0165, nemus\u00ed \u00eds\u0165 tak hladko,\u201c<\/strong> uzatv\u00e1ra psychologi\u010dka Jarmila Tomkov\u00e1. Digit\u00e1lny detox m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 celkovo zauj\u00edmavou sk\u00fasenos\u0165ou \u2013 v\u017edy je v\u0161ak lep\u0161ie najprv praktikova\u0165 udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fa a zdrav\u00fa digit\u00e1lnu hygienu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"logo-safer-kids-online\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Safer Kids Online<\/a> <\/mark><\/strong><\/mark>je glob\u00e1lnou iniciat\u00edvou spolo\u010dnosti ESET. Cie\u013eom iniciat\u00edvy je zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 povedomie o konkr\u00e9tnych hrozb\u00e1ch, ktor\u00e9 na deti na internete \u010d\u00edhaj\u00fa, a zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 povedomie o pr\u00edle\u017eitostiach a pozit\u00edvach, ktor\u00e9 im modern\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie pon\u00fakaj\u00fa.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ako pre\u00a0svoje deti vybudujete udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fa a\u00a0zdrav\u00fa digit\u00e1lnu hygienu? Detsk\u00e1 psychologi\u010dka pon\u00faka nieko\u013eko u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fdch r\u00e1d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":12102,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[83,124],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12095","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rodicia-a-deti","category-skutocny-vs-online-svet"],"yoast_head":"\n\u010co je digit\u00e1lna hygiena? | ESET<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ako pre\u00a0svoje deti vybudujete udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fa a\u00a0zdrav\u00fa digit\u00e1lnu hygienu? 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